Description of Windows Server 2008 Remote Server Administration Tools for Windows Vista Service Pack 1

Introduction:
Microsoft Remote Server Administration Tools (RSAT) enables IT administrators to remotely manage roles and features in Windows Server 2008 from a computer that is running Windows Vista with Service Pack 1 (SP1). It includes support for remote management of computers that are running either a Server Core installation option or a full installation option of Windows Server 2008. It provides similar functionality to the Windows Server 2003 Administration Tools Pack.
system requirements:

RSAT can be installed on 32-bit and 64-bit editions of the following configurations:
Windows Vista Ultimate with SP1 or a later Windows Vista service pack
Windows Vista Enterprise with SP1 or a later Windows Vista service pack
Windows Vista Business with SP1 or a later Windows Vista service pack
RSAT can be used to manage 32-bit and 64-bit editions of Windows Server 2008.
RSAT should not be installed on a computer that is running the Windows Server 2003 Administration Tools Pack or the Windows 2000 Server Administration Tools Pack. Please remove all Administration Tools Pack versions from the computer before you install RSAT.
Only one copy of RSAT can be installed on a computer at one time. Before you install a new package, remove any existing versions of RSAT. This includes any copies that are in different languages.
Windows Server 2008 Administration Tools for roles:
Administration Tools roleDescriptionActive Directory Certificate Services ToolsActive Directory Certificate Services Tools includes the Certification Authority, Certificate Templates, Enterprise PKI, and Online Responder Management snap-ins.Active Directory Certification Authority Tools includes the Certification Authority, Certificate Templates, and the Enterprise PKI snap-ins. Online Responder Tools includes the Online Responder Management snap-in. Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) ToolsActive Directory Domain Services Tools includes Active Directory Users and Computers, Active Directory Domains and Trusts, Active Directory Sites and Services, and other snap-ins and command-line tools for remotely managing Active Directory Domain Services.Server for Network Information Service (NIS) Tools includes an extension to the Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in and the Ypclear.exe command-line tool.Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS) ToolsActive Directory Lightweight Directory Services Tools includes Active Directory Sites and Services, Active Directory Services Interfaces (ADSI) Edit, Schema Manager, and other snap-ins and command-line tools for managing Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services.DHCP Server Tools Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Server Tools includes the DHCP snap-in.DNS Server ToolsDomain Name System (DNS) Server Tools includes the DNS Manager snap-in and the Dnscmd.exe command-line tool.File Services ToolsFile Services Tools includes the Storagemgmt.msc snap-in and the following tools:
Distributed File System Tools. This includes the DFS Management snap-in and the Dfsradmin.exe, Dfscmd.exe, Dfsdiag.exe, and Dfsutil.exe command-line tools.
File Server Resource Manager Tools. This includes the File Server Resource Manager snap-in and the Filescrn.exe and Storrept.exe command-line tools.Network Policy and Access Services ToolsNetwork Policy and Access Services Tools includes the Routing and Remote Access snap-in.Terminal Services ToolsTerminal Services Tools includes the Remote Desktops and Terminal Services Manager snap-ins.Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) Services ToolsUDDI Services Tools includes the UDDI Services snap-in.

Windows Server 2008 Administration Tools for features:
Administration Tools featureDescriptionBitLocker Drive Encryption ToolsBitLocker Drive Encryption Tools includes the Manage-bde.wsf script.Failover Clustering ToolsFailover Clustering Tools includes the Failover Cluster Manager snap-in and the Cluster.exe command-line tool.Group Policy Management ToolsGroup Policy Management Tools includes Group Policy Management Console, Group Policy Management Editor, and Group Policy Starter GPO Editor.Network Load Balancing ToolsNetwork Load Balancing Tools includes the Network Load Balancing Manager utility and the Nlb.exe and Wlbs.exe command-line tools.SMTP Server ToolsSimple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Server Tools includes the SMTP snap-in.Storage Manager for SANs ToolsStorage Manager for Storage Area Networks (SANs) Tools includes the Storage Manager for SANs snap-in, and the ProvisionStorage.exe command-line tool.Windows System Resource Manager ToolsWindows System Resource Manager Tools includes the Windows System Resource Manager snap-in and the Wsrmc.exe command-line tool.
Language features:
The installation packages are designed for individual language versions of Windows Vista SP1. You must install the RSAT language pack that matches the locale that is selected for the operating system. If you are running an English-language version of Windows or a version of Windows that is localized for a language other than the languages in the following list, install the RSAT English pack.RSAT is fully localized all the languages that are supported by Windows Server 2008:
Chinese-Simplified
Chinese-Traditional
Czech
Dutch
Hungarian
English
French
German
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Portuguese
Russian
Spanish
Swedish
TurkishNote Only one copy of RSAT can be installed on a computer at the same time. Before you install a new package, remove any existing versions of RSAT. This includes any copies that are in different languages.
Windows Server 2003 support:
Only the following tools support the management of Windows Server 2003:
Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) Tools
Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS) Tools
Active Directory Certification Authority Tools
DHCP Server Tools
DNS Server Tools
Terminal Services tools
Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) Services Tools
Group Policy Management Tools
Network Load Balancing Tools

WINDOWS-98

What is a window?
A window is an area on your desktop within which all Windows-based programs run.

What is a desktop?
When you start your computer, the first thing you see is the desktop. The desktop is your work area.

What is Taskbar ?
By default, the taskbar is located on the bottom edge of the desktop. You can click on the taskbar and drag it to other locations. The Start button, active program buttons, icons for quick access to programs, and the current time are located on the taskbar.

What is My Computer ?
The My Computer icon provides access to the resources on your computer. You can access your drives and other peripherals by clicking on the My Computer icon. You can also access the Control Panel through My Computer.

What is Recycle Bin ?
When you delete an object, Windows 98 sends it to the Recycle Bin. You can restore objects that are located in the Recycle Bin or you can permanently delete them.

What is Shortcut icon ?
Icons with an arrow in the lower left corner are shortcut icons. Click on the icon for quick access to the object they represent (program, document, printer, and so on).

What is Program, Folder, and Document icons ?
Program, folder, and document icons do not have an arrow in the lower left corner. They represent the actual object and provide direct access to the object.

How do I shut down my computer?
To shut down your computer:
1. Click on the Start button. The Start menu will appear.
2. Click on Shutdown. The Shut Down Windows dialog box will appear.
3. Click on the Shut Down radio button.
4. Clickon OK.

How do I restart my computer?
To shutdown and immediately restart your computer:

1. Click on the Start button. The Start menu will appear.

2. Click on Shut Down. The Shut Down Windows dialog box will appear.

3. Click on the Restart radio button.

4. Click on OK.

What is Standby mode?
When your computer is in the Standby mode, your computer consumes less electricity but is ready for immediate use. If the computer loses electrical power while in the standby mode, any information you have not saved will be lost.

How do I start a program?

To start a program:

1. Click on the Start button, located in the lower left corner of your screen.

2. Highlight Programs. The Program menu will appear.

3. Move to the Program menu and highlight the program you want to start. If you see a right pointer next to your selection, a submenu will appear. Refine your choice by highlighting the appropriate selection on the submenu. Continue until you get to the final menu.

4. Click on the program name to start the program.

How do I quickly find files and folders?
To quickly find a file or folder:

1. Click on the Start button.

2. Highlight Find.

3. Highlight Files or Folders.

4. Press Enter. The dialog box shown here will appear. You do not need to complete every field.Only enter the criteria you want to use for your search.

What is the most recently used document list?
As you work, Windows 98 tracks the last 15 files you used. It lists these files on the most recently used document list. To view the most recently used document list:
1. Click on Start.

2. Highlight Documents. The most recently used documents will display.

How do I change the date and/or time?
To change the date and/or time:
1. Click on the Start button, which is located in the lower left corner of the screen. The Start menu will appear.

2. Highlight Settings. A submenu will appear.

3. Click on Control Panel. The Control Panel will open.

4. Click on Date/Time. The Date/Time Properties dialog box will appear.

5. In the Date frame, select the month and year.

6. In the Month field, click to open the drop-down menu and select the current month.

7. Type the year in the Year field or use the arrows next to the field to move forward or backward until you get to the current year.

8. The Time field is divided into four segments: hour, minutes, seconds, and AM and PM. To make an adjustment:

9. Click in the segment and either type in the correct information or use the arrow keys on the right side to select the correct hour, minute, second or AM or PM.

10. Select the correct time zone from the drop-down menu.

11. If you want the clock to automatically adjust to daylight saving time, check the box on the screen.

12. Click on the Apply button.

How do I create a desktop shortcut?

To create a shortcut to an item located on the Start menu:

1. Click on Start. The Start menu will appear.

2. Locate the item to which you want to create a shortcut. If the item is located on a submenu, go to the submenu.

3. Right-click and drag the item to your desktop.

To create a shortcut to items visible to Windows Explorer:

1. Open Windows Explorer.

2. Minimize the Windows Explorer window.

3. Locate in Windows Explorer the item to which you want to create a shortcut.

4. Hold down the right mouse button and drag the item onto the desktop.

5. Release the right mouse button. A context menu will appear.

6. Click on Create Shortcut(s) Here.

What is wallpaper?

Wallpaper is the background that displays on your desktop. If you have your desktop set to View as a Web Page, your wallpaper can be an image or an HTML file. If your desktop is not set to View as a Web page, wallpaper can only be an image.

What is a font?
A font is a set of characters represented in a single typeface. Each character within a font is created by using the same basic style.

What are folders?
Folders are used to organize the data stored on your drives. The files that make up a program are stored together in their own set of folders. You will want to organize the files you create in folders. You will want to store files of a like kind in a single folder.

How do I select a screen saver?
To select a screen saver:

1. Right-click anywhere on the Windows desktop. A menu will appear.

2. Select Active Desktop.

3. Click on Customize My Desktop.

4. Click on the Screen Saver tab.

5. The Screen Saver field provides the list of available screen savers. Select the screen saver you want from the list.

6. Click on Settings to set the display options associated with the screen saver.

7. Checkmark Password Protected to set a password for your screen saver. Password protection prevents the screen saver from being turned off unless a password is entered.

8. Click on Change to set the password.

9. Set the number of minutes of activity before the screen saver starts in the wait field.

10. Click on OK.

What are scrollbars and how do they work?
In many programs, if the contents of the work area do not fit in the window, scrollbars will appear. A vertical scrollbar will appear at the right side of the window and a horizontal scrollbar at the bottom of the window, depending on the fit. The vertical scrollbar provides a way to move up and down. The horizontal scrollbar provides a way to move from left to right.
The scroll box indicates where you are in your document. If the scroll box is at the top of the scrollbar, you are at the top of the document. If the scroll box is in the center of the scrollbar, you are in the center of the document.

What is an icon?
An icon is a graphic image. Icons help you execute commands quickly. Commands tell the computer what you want the computer to do. To execute a command by using an icon, Click the icon.

What is a menu?
Menus provide a way for you to send commands to the computer (tell the computer what you want the computer to do). When you open a window, menu options are listed from left to right just below the title bar on the menu bar. When you Click a menu item, a drop-down menu appears. Select the command you want to execute from the drop-down menu. An ellipse after a drop-down menu item signifies that there are additional options; if you select that option, a dialog box will appear.

What is a shortcut key?
You can use shortcut keys to execute a command quickly by pressing key combinations instead of selecting the commands directly from the menu or clicking on an icon. When you look at a menu, you will notice that most of the options have one letter underlined. You can select a menu option by holding down the Alt key and pressing the underlined letter. You can also make Alt-key selections from drop-down menus and dialog boxes.

pc fundamentals

What is a Pc ?
A PC is your Personal Computer. You can look at your computer in two basic ways: from a physical viewpoint and from a functional viewpoint. The physical viewpoint uses terms for parts that you can point to for example to a power supply , an adapter board and a cable. The functional viewpoint uses terms such as CPU, interleaved memory, and serial and parallel devices, which relate to how the computer operates. These terms are fairly complex and focus more on the bits, bytes and electronic of the computer systems.

What is a software ?
Software is a collection of command that help users to communicate with the computer or help the computer perform specific tasks for them. Without any type of software the computer would be of no use.

What is a hardware ?
Hardware is best described as a device that is physically connected to your computer or something that can be physically touched. A CD-ROM, Monitor, Printer, and video card are all examples of computer hardware. Without any hardware your computer would not exist and software would have nothing to run on. The image to the right is of a web cam, an example of an external hardware peripheral that allows users to make basic videos, transmit videos of themselves over the Internet, and take pictures.

Memory: This is very fast storage used to hold data. It has to be fast because it connects directly to the microprocessor. There are several specific types of memory in a computer.

Central Processing Unit(CPU): The "microprocessor” brain of the computer system is called the central processing unit. Everything that a computer does is overseen by the CPU.

ROM(Read Only Memory): A permanent type of memory storage used by the computer for important data that does not change.

RAM(Random Access Memory):It is used to temporarily store information that the computer is currently working with.

BIOS(Basic input/output system): A type of ROM that is used by the computer to establish basic communications when the computer is first turned on caching-The storing of frequently used data in extremely fast RAM that connects directly to the CPU.

Virtual Memory: space on harddisk used to temporarily store data and swap it in and out of RAM as needed.

Mother Board: This is the main circuit board that all of the other internal components connect to. The CPU and memory are usually on the motherboard.

Hard Disk: This is large-capacity permanent storage used to hold information such as programs and documents.

AGP(Accelerated Graphics Port):It is a very high speed connection used by the graphic card to interface with the computer.

Sound Card: This is used by the computer to record and play audio by converting analog sound in to digital information and back again.

Graphics Card: This translates image data from the computer in to a format that can be displayed by the monitor.

Common Input–Out Put Devices :

Keyboard: Generally used to type or select an option on the screen. It is an input device.

Mouse: It is an input device which is used to point and select some option on VDU.

Vdu(Visual Display Unit): It is an output device where the output of any command is displayed ie. The screen.

Printer: Is the output device .Different types of printer.
1. Dot matrix printer
2. Inkjet Printer
3. Laser Printer etc.

Floppy Disk Drives: It is a common form of removable storage, floppy disk are extremely inexpensive and easy to save information.

Scanner: It is an input device. A scanner scans an image and transform the image to ASCII Graphics . These codes can be edited, manipulated & than printed.

Cd-Rom Drive: It is an input device. To read a Cd-Rom disk a Cd-Rom drive is required . One can only read from it and cannot write on it.

Dvd-Rom: DVD-Rom is similar to Cd-Rom but is capable of holding much more information.

Cd-Writer: It is input device. To write from other CD to your CD , writer is used.

Display Adaptor: The electronic work behind information of images on the screen is handled by the vision controller. The video controller along with the memory that holds the display data are together referred to as the PC which can represent data on the screen in two modes. One is the text mode on which only text or individual characters can be displayed . The other is graphic mode, Where graphic can be shown by building up a drawing made of dots.

Different Connections : Ports

Parallel: This port is commonly used to connect a printer.

Serial: This port is typically used to connect an external modem, mouse etc.

USB(Universal Serial Bus): This port is becoming most popular external connection, USB ports offer power and versatility and are incredibly easy to use.

Connections Internet/ Network:

Modem: This is the standard method of connecting to the Internet.

LAN(Local Area Network) card: This is used by many computers, particularly those in an Ethernet office network to connected to each other.

Cable modem: Some people now use the cable –television system in their home to connect to the internet.

DSL(Digital Subscriber Line) modem: This is a high speed connection that works over a standard telephone line.

VDSL (Very high bit- rate DSL) modem: A newer variation of DSL , VDSL requires that your phone line have fiber optic cables.